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1993-04-21
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OFFICE OF PUBLIC INFORMATION
JET PROPULSION LABORATORY
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
NATIONAL AERONAUT1CS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
PASADENA, CALIFORNIA. TELEPHONE (213) 354-5Oll
FOR 1MMEDIATE RELEASE TUESDAY,
JANUARY 27, 1976
SECOND VIKING OVEN MAY HAVE FA1LED
One of three small ovens in an experiment aboard
the
Viking 1 spacecraft may not be working, similar to a
condition on
Viking 2 reported last week. Both Vikings are enroute to
Mars for
the first U.S. attempt to land on the planet.
The ovens--three on each Lander--are designed to
heat
Martian soil samples to 5OO degrees (932 degrees Fahrenheit)
to
release organic constituents in the soil for analysis by a
gas
chromatograph mass spectrometer (GCMS).
During the in-flight test of Viking 2, test data
indicated
that one of the three ovens may not function on Mars.
Project officials
then examined prelaunch test results on the ovens on Viking 1
and found
a similarity in the data on one of the ovens, leading them to
suspect
a second failure.
Project officials stated, however, that telemetry
from a
monitoring device associated with the ovens may be faulty,
and the final î
test will occur on Mars when soil samples are placed in the
ovens.
-more-
-2-
Tests were conducted on both instruments prior to
launch,
using Bench Checkout Equipment. Detailed test data were also
recorded.
It was project practice to make a detailed review of recorded
test
data only if a malfunction was indicated. At the completion
of these
tests, no such indication had been observed. When the flight
anomaly
occurred, all recorded test data were analyzed. The results
of this
analysis show that the two ovens or their monitoring devices
may have
failed prior to launch, possibly during the final assembly
process.
The loss of one oven on each experiment will not
affect the
operation of the instruments, but it will result in the
analysis of
two rather than three soil samples by each instrument.
î The gas chromatograph mass spectrometer wi11
determine
atmospheric constituents and search for organic material in
the soil
which could be evidence of biological or non-biological
activity.
There is a separate biology instrument aboard each
lander
that will perform a direct search for life forms in soil
samples.
The two Viking spacecraft, each consisting of a
lander and
an orbiter, were launched in August and September, 1975.
They will
reach Mars on June 19 and August 7. The first lander will be
detached
from the Viking orbiter and descend to the surface in the
first week of
July. Lander 2 will descend during the first week in
September. Each
lander carries a full complement of identical experiments.
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